WHAT IS STRUCTURE? EXPLAIN WITH EXAMPLE AND HOW CAN WE DECLARE STRUCTURE VARIABLE

Structure is the collection of variables of different types.

Structure is user defined data type available in C that allows combining data items of different kinds.

Structures are used to represent a record. Suppose you want to keep track of your books in a library. You might want to track the following attributes about each book −

·         Title

·         Book ID

·         Book Price

Syntax:	Example:
struct structure_name {     data_type member1;     data_type member2;     .     data_type memeber; }struct_variable;	struct book {     char title[20];     int book_id;     float price; }bk1,bk2; //structure variable

In above example bk1, bk2 are the structure variable.

At the end of the structure's definition, before the final semicolon, you can specify one or more structure variables but it is optional it can be also declared inside main like

//inside main

struct book bk1,bk2; //structure variable

There are two types of operators used for accessing members of a structure.

-Member operator (.)

-Structure pointer operator (->) (will be used with structure and pointers )

Any member of a structure can be accessed as:

structure_variable.member1

structure_variable.member2

For example

bk1.title, bk1.book_id, bk1.price

Example of Structure

#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h> struct book {     char title[20];     int book_id;     float price; }bk1; //struct variable void main() {     clrscr();     printf("Insert book details\n");     printf("Enter book name: ");     scanf("%s",&bk1.title);  // input title of book     printf("Enter book id: ");     scanf("%d",&bk1.book_id);  // input id of book     printf("Enter price");     scanf("%f",&bk1.price);  // input price of book     printf(“Book Detail”);     printf(“\nTitle ID Price”);     printf(“\n%s %d %f”, bk1.title, bk1.book_id, bk1.price);     getch(); }

#include <stdio.h> #include <stdio.h> struct book {     char title[20];     int book_id;     float price; };  void main() {     struct book bk1; //struct variable     clrscr();     printf("Insert book details\n");     printf("Enter book name: ");     scanf("%s",&bk1.title);  //input title of book     printf("Enter book id: ");     scanf("%d",&bk1.book_id);  // input id of book     printf("Enter price");     scanf("%f",&bk1.price);  // input price of book     printf(“Book Detail”);     printf(“\nTitle ID Price”);     printf(“\n%s %d %f”, bk1.title, bk1.book_id, bk1.price);     getch(); }